The impact on a baby’s brain when it does not receive enough oxygen or blood flow just before or shortly after birth can be devastating. It leads to a disease called hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) that can kill babies or cause them to suffer long-term neurologic disability. It accounts for one fifth of all cerebral palsy cases. It is relatively rare in Europe and the United States but roughly 30,000 babies are affected in these regions every year. That is between one and three of every 1,000 babies born there. In lower-income countries, it is a much bigger problem, with an…
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