In the first part of this series, I did not mention start-ups. But I will be mentioning them in a lot in this instalment. In getting to this point some readers may have noticed that some of the things I’ve said we need either don’t exist yet or are not commercialised. So there are two significant requirements here: funding innovation and scaling up innovation. Tesla is a useful case-study using basic metrics. They are almost 20 years old, have raised approx $20 billion and today have a market cap of around $95 billion. Their cars are light years beyond their…

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